For example, a medical thermometer is a reliable tool that would measure the correct temperature each time it is used. You can also think of it as the ability for a test or research findings to be repeatable. Reliability is a measure of the stability or consistency of test scores. It would be reliable (giving you the same results each time) but not valid (because the thermometer wasn’t recording the correct temperature). For example, let’s say your thermometer was a degree off. However, tests that are reliable aren’t always valid. The ACT is valid (and reliable) because it measures what a student learned in high school. A test is valid if it measures what it’s supposed to. Reliability implies consistency: if you take the ACT five times, you should get roughly the same results every time. For research and testing, there are subtle differences. Outside of statistical research, reliability and validity are used interchangeably.
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